Who supplies the LNG chain

Licenses the AP-C3MR, AP-X, AP-DMR and AP-SMR liquefaction processes and manufactures the coil-wound heat exchangers at the cold heart of most large LNG trains.

Supplies the LM2500, LM6000 and LM9000 aeroderivative gas turbines that drive main refrigerant compressors, along with the compressors and expander-compressors themselves.

Licenses PRICO, a single mixed refrigerant process applied at 35 facilities and used on several of the world's floating liquefaction vessels.

Supplies the IPSMR integrated pre-cooled single mixed refrigerant process together with the brazed aluminium heat exchangers and cold boxes used in mid-scale liquefaction.

Licenses the Optimized Cascade process, which uses three cascaded pure-refrigerant circuits with brazed aluminium heat exchangers, and has been licensed for 28 LNG trains.

Linked in the tracker to 5 terminals, 13 pipelines.

Builds world-scale and small to mid-scale LNG plants and is one of the few makers of coil-wound cryogenic heat exchangers, with more than 1,000 delivered.

Builds the main refrigerant compressors that circulate refrigerant through an LNG train's cryogenic heat exchangers, plus fuel gas compressors handling intake below minus 60 degrees.

Delivers onshore, gravity-based and floating LNG projects as an EPC contractor, and licenses its Liqueflex process for small to medium-scale liquefaction.

Licenses the DMR dual mixed refrigerant process, used at Sakhalin, Prelude and LNG Canada, and the parallel mixed refrigerant PMR process for trains of 6 to 11 Mtpa.

Linked in the tracker to 16 terminals, 36 pipelines.

Supplies electric-driven refrigeration trains for LNG plants: compressors, synchronous motors, variable speed drives and the associated electrical systems.

Linked in the tracker to 2 pipelines.

Engineers and builds liquefaction trains, having delivered six trains at Sabine Pass and worked on Corpus Christi, Port Arthur and Rio Grande.

Licenses PRICO, a single mixed refrigerant process applied at 35 facilities and used on several of the world's floating liquefaction vessels.

Has delivered 26 LNG projects covering 47 trains since 1976, and builds LNG storage tanks and cleaner plant designs using electric drives and carbon capture.

Delivers liquefaction EPC in joint venture with JGC, including the LNG Canada plant at Kitimat, where Fluor booked its 8.4 billion dollar share of the roughly 14 billion dollar contract.

Has built LNG plants totalling 48 trains, over 30 per cent of world capacity, including the LNG Canada plant in joint venture with Fluor.

Provides EPC and front-end design for liquefaction and regasification, with more than 40 years in LNG and projects including Tangguh, Yemen LNG and Nigeria LNG Train 6.

Builds and modularises LNG plants, having worked on more than 20 LNG facilities across seven liquefaction technologies, including the Calcasieu Pass export terminal.

Through CB&I Storage Solutions, designs and builds full containment LNG storage tanks and cryogenic terminals, drawing on more than 60 years in the LNG sector.

Delivers onshore, gravity-based and floating LNG projects as an EPC contractor, and licenses its Liqueflex process for small to medium-scale liquefaction.

Builds LNG storage tanks and receiving terminals, including three 187,000 cubic metre tanks and loading facilities for Qatar's North Field expansion, and earlier terminals in Singapore and Malaysia.

Has engineered and built liquefaction terminals totalling more than 105 Mtpa, and offers the SnapLNG modular train design alongside onshore, offshore and mid-scale plants.

Builds floating liquefaction facilities, fabricating hull and topside modules in parallel at its own yards, with a standardised 3.5 Mtpa FLNG design.

Constructs liquefaction terminals, notably the Freeport LNG trains in joint venture with CB&I, each designed for more than 4.4 Mtpa.

Makes the Invar M93 nickel-iron alloy used for the thin cryogenic membranes in LNG tanks, which stays fully austenitic and ductile at LNG temperatures.

Has delivered 26 LNG projects covering 47 trains since 1976, and builds LNG storage tanks and cleaner plant designs using electric drives and carbon capture.

Has built more than 30 LNG storage tanks in 11 countries with VINCI Construction Grands Projets, including four 160,000 cubic metre full containment tanks at Yamal LNG with 9 per cent nickel inner shells.

Licenses the Mark III and NO96 membrane containment systems, and their variants, that hold the cargo in most of the modern LNG carrier fleet.

Developed and licenses the SPB self-supporting prismatic IMO Type B tank, a free-standing cargo tank with internal bulkheads that suppress sloshing and allow partial cargoes.

Part of CSSC, and the developer of the Brilliance Type B cargo containment system, now applied to 175,000 cubic metre LNG carrier designs approved in principle by Bureau Veritas.

Owns the KC-1 corrugated stainless steel membrane system, developed by KOGAS with three Korean shipyards as a domestic alternative to GTT's membranes and first fitted to two carriers in 2018.

Pioneered Moss spherical tank carriers in Japan and had built 29 of them by the end of 2014, from 19,400 up to 177,000 cubic metres, with its own Kawasaki Panel insulation system.

Through CB&I Storage Solutions, designs and builds full containment LNG storage tanks and cryogenic terminals, drawing on more than 60 years in the LNG sector.

Owns the Moss spherical IMO Type B containment design, used on 145 LNG carriers built since 1973 in sizes from 19,000 to 182,000 cubic metres.

Builds LNG storage tanks and receiving terminals, including three 187,000 cubic metre tanks and loading facilities for Qatar's North Field expansion, and earlier terminals in Singapore and Malaysia.

Has engineered and built liquefaction terminals totalling more than 105 Mtpa, and offers the SnapLNG modular train design alongside onshore, offshore and mid-scale plants.

Designs and builds low-temperature and cryogenic storage tanks and terminals, including the full containment LNG tanks at Revithoussa in Greece.

Makes the Invar M93 nickel-iron alloy used for the thin cryogenic membranes in LNG tanks, which stays fully austenitic and ductile at LNG temperatures.

Supplies CryElso 9Q, a quenched and tempered 9 per cent nickel plate for LNG tanks and carriers, with more than 250 LNG tanks built from it over sixty years.

Makes the ultra-thick 9 per cent nickel plate used for LNG storage tanks, and developed a 7 per cent nickel grade of equivalent strength that cuts nickel content by about a fifth.

Mass-produces cryogenic high-manganese steel for LNG tanks, an alternative to 9 per cent nickel steel that holds down to minus 196 degrees, and is used in LNG terminal tanks and ship fuel tanks.

Builds 175,000 cubic metre LNG carriers with GTT Mark III Flex membranes, having delivered its first two for China Merchants Energy Shipping.

Builds LNG carriers and FSRUs and supplies its own dual-fuel marine engines, having delivered more than 2,300 vessels to owners in 51 countries.

Builds LNG carriers at its Geoje yard with ME-GI, X-DF and ME-GA two-stroke dual-fuel engines, and has developed high-manganese steel cargo tanks.

China's main LNG carrier builder, part of CSSC, producing 174,000 cubic metre X-DF vessels and holding an order book of close to 60 carriers.

Part of CSSC, and the developer of the Brilliance Type B cargo containment system, now applied to 175,000 cubic metre LNG carrier designs approved in principle by Bureau Veritas.

Pioneered Moss spherical tank carriers in Japan and had built 29 of them by the end of 2014, from 19,400 up to 177,000 cubic metres, with its own Kawasaki Panel insulation system.

Builds LNG carriers at the Nagasaki works, including the Sayaendo and Sayaringo STaGE generations, having delivered its first spherical-tank carrier in 1983.

Builds LNG carriers including the 266,200 cubic metre class and electric-driven designs, and states the largest share of the LNG carrier market.

Builds floating liquefaction facilities, fabricating hull and topside modules in parallel at its own yards, with a standardised 3.5 Mtpa FLNG design.

Entered large LNG carrier construction with two 175,000 cubic metre vessels using GTT Mark III Flex membranes, built at its Yangzi Xinfu yard.

Russia's yard for ice-class LNG tonnage, assembling Arc7 carriers of about 172,600 cubic metres for Arctic projects, with hull sections built abroad.

Makes the Turbo-Brayton cryogenic subcooler that reliquefies boil-off gas aboard LNG carriers and terminals, with more than 260 units sold.

Builds boil-off gas compressor packages that route cargo vapour to a ship's engines, plus the ECOCHILL on-water reliquefaction unit and cryogenic pumps.

Through Ebara Elliott Energy's Cryodynamics line, makes submerged electric cryogenic pumps and expanders for liquefaction, storage and regasification, on shore and afloat.

Builds LNG carriers and FSRUs and supplies its own dual-fuel marine engines, having delivered more than 2,300 vessels to owners in 51 countries.

Designs the high-pressure ME-GI and low-pressure ME-GA two-stroke dual-fuel engines used to propel LNG carriers on boil-off gas.

Makes cryogenic submerged motor pumps, where pump and motor sit inside the liquid so nothing can leak, used as feed and booster pumps on terminals, carriers and floating units.

Makes marine submerged LNG cargo pumps, supplying its first in 1992 and holding the leading share of that market, alongside cargo oil pumps and drive turbines.

Designs and builds cryogenic marine loading arms and transfer systems for LNG, including footless arms for floating liquefaction and the ARCOS articulated rigid offloading system.

Designs the X-DF low-pressure two-stroke dual-fuel engine family that burns cargo boil-off gas, in service since 2016 and widely fitted to LNG carriers.

Supplies integrated cargo handling, fuel gas and boil-off reliquefaction systems for gas carriers, with more than 75 reliquefaction plants installed, plus dual-fuel medium-speed engines.

Linked in the tracker to 1 pipelines.

Part of BW Group, and an owner and operator of LNG carriers and floating storage and regasification units.

Linked in the tracker to 4 terminals.

A Greek owner of latest-generation LNG carriers with a large newbuilding programme delivering into the late 2020s, controlled through Capital Gas by the Marinakis family.

An owner, operator and manager of fuel-efficient LNG carriers, which also manages floating regasification units for third parties.

Owns and operates one of the largest floating LNG terminal portfolios, with eleven FSRUs in operation or under construction delivering regasified LNG at pipeline pressure.

Owns thirteen modern LNG carriers built between 2018 and 2021, nine with MEGI and four with X-DF two-stroke propulsion.

An owner, operator and manager of LNG carriers, based in Monaco and trading since 2002.

Linked in the tracker to 1 terminals, 1 pipelines.

The largest owner of floating liquefaction capacity, operating FLNG Hilli off Cameroon and FLNG Gimi off Senegal and Mauritania.

Owns and operates ten FSRUs and three LNG carriers, and is adapting its floating terminals for ammonia and hydrogen import.

Linked in the tracker to 11 terminals.

A Norwegian LNG shipowner in the trade since 2004, with vessels delivered after 2016 using ME-GI propulsion and full reliquefaction.

Operates 31 LNG carriers alongside very large ethane carriers and floating storage units, with more than three decades in LNG transport.

Linked in the tracker to 2 terminals.

The LNG arm of the Angelicoussis Group, and the first Greek owner to order and operate LNG ships, with a newbuilding series on order at Hanwha using ME-GI propulsion.

Owns, manages and operates LNG carriers, in the trade since 1983, and was the first Asian operator of an ice-breaking carrier on the Yamal route.

Linked in the tracker to 4 terminals.

Owns and operates LNG carriers directly and through joint ventures, including vessels chartered to TotalEnergies, QatarEnergy and Cheniere.

The largest LNG shipowner in the world, with 69 LNG carriers including 14 Q-Max and 31 Q-Flex vessels, carrying most of Qatar's exports.

Owns and operates floating LNG import terminals and regasification units, and its Fast LNG floating liquefaction asset produces about 1.4 Mtpa off Altamira, Mexico.

Linked in the tracker to 13 terminals, 1 pipelines.